QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (CCNA Part-5)

1. What algorithm does OSPF use to compute its route table?
A: OSPF uses the shortest path first (SPF) algorithm, which is also known as the Dijkstra algorithm.
2. What three tables does an OSPF router build?
A: OSPF routers build an adjacencies database, a link-state or topological database, and a route table.
3. What is the significance of the DR and BDR?
A: A DR, or Designated Router, serves as a point of contact for an OSPF router on a multiaccess  network, because the DR is responsible for collecting routing updates from routers on the link and distributing these updates to all other routers on the link. If the DR goes offline, the BDR, or Backup Designated Router, takes over the DR’s functions.
4. How are the DR and BDR selected?
A: The DR and BDR are selected based on router priority. If there is a tie, the router with the highest router ID is preferred.
5. How is the router ID determined?
A: The router ID is the highest IP address configured on any of the router’s loopback interfaces. If no loopback interface is configured on the router, the router ID is the highest IP address configured on any of the router’s physical interfaces.
6. What is an ABR?
A: An ABR, Area Border Router, is a router with interfaces that connect to more than one area.
7. What is an ASBR?
A: An ASBR, Autonomous System Boundary Router, is a router with interfaces that connect to more than one autonomous system.
8. What is a stub area?
A: A stub area is an area that does not accept routing updates from outside its autonomous system.
9. What is a totally stubby area?
A: A totally stubby area is an area that does not accept routing updates from outside its area.
10. What is a virtual link?
A: A virtual link logically connects an ABR that does not physically connect the backbone Area 0 to another ABR that does connect to the backbone area, thereby linking an entire area to the backbone area.
Enjoy With this Questions and Answers.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ( CCNA -Part-4 )

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. How does Split Horizon work?
A: A router does not advertise a route back in the direction from which it was
received.
2. How does Poison Reverse work?
A: A router advertises a route as unreachable in the direction from which it was
received.
3. What type of routing protocol maintains neighbors?
A: Link State.
4. When does a distance vector send out routing table updates?
A: At a scheduled time interval.
5. What are the most common Link State routing protocols?
A: OSPF, NLSP, and IS-IS.
6. What type of routing protocol is EIGRP?
A: Hybrid.
7. What is the command to send all traffic destined for 10.2.2.0/24 to router
10.1.1.1/24?
A: ip route 10.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
8. What command can be added to a static route to make sure it stays in the routing
table even if its associated interface goes down?
A: permanent
9. What is the administrative distance of OSPF?
A: 110
10. What is the range of values for administrative distance?
A: 0–255

Configuring MS Office 2010 OutLook for Exchange 2k10

MS Outlook is a very important component Of MS Office Suit. Here I am going to show how to install MS Office 2010 in windows 7 Machine. Later On we will connect Outlook to Microsoft Exchange 2k10 For sending and Receiving Mail. This is a step by step Process

 1. Incert  MS Office DVD in DVD Rom and run the setup.exe file  as shown bellow

2. Wait for License Agreement . Just check the agreement and click Continue as shown bellow

3.Now Just Click Install and wait for Installing

4.So Installation Complete . You can check it in Programm Menu of Your windows

5. Open MS Office 2010 as shwon bellow snap

   It is verfied that MS Office 2010 installed successfully.
Now we are moving towrads Exchaneg Server 2010 For creating Two Mail Box enable User.
I  have created two mailbox enabled user i.e - Outlook1 and Outlook2.
 Configuring MS OutLook  2010 for Mail Server
1. Log on by user OutLook1 in Windows 7 client Machine and Open MS OutLook as shwon Bellow

2. Just Click Nextand you will find E-mail Accounts . check Yes button and next

3.It aoutomattically select the E-mail address and account name . Click next and wait

4.SuccessFully it connected to the mail server and click Finish. Here our mail server name is ex2k10.lab.local

5. Now your Out Look inbox window in your front. You are ready to send mail to all other friends in your company.It is Show as

5.Now you can test by sendig a mail to any one in your contact list.

Thanks
Hope this tutorial help you guys to configure MS Outlook 2010 for Exchange 2010server.

Active Directory Terms -(Various Objects and their Functions)

Active Directory Terms -(Various Objects and their Functions )
What is an OU in AD ?
What is user accounts in AD ?
What is Group Accounts In AD ?
What is Computer Account in AD ?

What is  an OU in AD?
Answer:

•  An Organizational Unit is a container (read: folder) that holds AD Objects like User Accounts, Computer Accounts, and Groups.
•  OU’s help to keep your Objects organized, but also are used to control what Users can and can’t do.
• You can also pass the buck by delegating control over OU’s.

What is User Account ?
Answer:
    User Account : User Account is  an Active Directory Object that allows users to access the resources.

What is Group Accounts In AD ?
Answer:
Group Account : An Active Directory Object that allows or denies access to network resources ( Like Folder and Printers ) for users and computers .

What is Computer Account in AD ?
Answer:

• Computer Accounts allow AD to keep track of and control the computers in your network. A computer without an Account in AD can’t access the network—it’s a security thing
• Computer Accounts live in OU’s, which will allow you to install software to all machines in an OU at once!
• When you join a computer to a Domain (you’ll need Domain Administrator level credentials), a Computer Account is automatically created in AD.
• After Joining the Domain, you’ll have to move your Computer Accounts to the appropriate OU.
• You can create accounts manually, but it’s not a very good idea. Keeping track of your computers is a really really good idea

Hope theses question and answers will help to prepare a candidate for Interview.

Step By Step Guide for Installing Exchaneg 2010 on Server 2008R2

Mail Server is Very Important for every company. In any company Without mail server every department is paralyzed.Some are dependent on third party vendor and Some implemented their own mail server. Like Microsoft Exchange Server   . It could be 2003 Exchange Server , 2007 Exchange Server. Who are in 2007 exchange they are planing to Migrate it to Exchange 2010 Server. For New Implementation , will not go for 2007 Exchange , obviously will go for Latest Exchange 2010 Server  .
Exchange 2010 comes with two editions-1. Standard Editions and  2. Enterprise editions.
I am going to show you step by step how to install Exchange 2010 on  Server 2008R2.
             1. Install Server 2008R2. After Installing Server 2008R2 Prepare it for exchange 2010.
Fulfill the  prerequisites
Exchange Server 2010 Prerequisite Software
All Exchange Server 2010 servers must have the following software installed:

• Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) management tools, which is required on all ExchangeServer 2010 servers, except for Edge Transport servers
• Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 (SP1) or newer
• Windows Remote Management (WinRM)
• Windows PowerShell® Version 2 

On Windows Server 2008 R2 all these software components can be installed from Server Manager.

• 2010 Office System Converter: Microsoft Filter Pack ( Download From Microsoft Site )

Install the default Web Server (IIS) server role along with the followingrole services:

• IIS 6 Metabase Compatibility
• IIS 6 Management Console
• Basic Authentication
• Windows Authentication
• .NET Extensibility
• ISAPI Extensions
• Digest Authentication
• Dynamic Content Compression
• Install the Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) HTTPActivation feature
• Install the RPC over HTTP Proxy feature

1.  The Net.Tcp Port Sharing Service must be configured to start automatically before
starting the Exchange server installation. Open Services and start the service as

2. Install Filter Pack 64bit

3. Select next and Finish

4. Now install IIS components along with features . Just click next it will ask for features

5. Features as

6. Select all the required features and go for next and after Installation it will prompt for Restart like as

7. Now log on server and Insert Exchange DVD . Open CMD  and change the drive as it shows D:\>setup.exe

8.Once run the setup it's GUI interface will start and we have to follow it one by one as

9. Option no -5 Install Microsoft Exchange and follow the wizard

10. In the Exchange Server 2010 Setup wizard click Next

11. Now Accept the License  agreement and go for next

12. Select No Option and go for next

13. Installation Types - Select Typical Exchange Server Installation and click next

14. Give a Name - MyExchange and next

15. In the Client Settings option select 'Yes' and next

15. Let it be default and go for next

16. Select I don not option and next

17. Now it started to check the readiness once it finished click Install

18. Go for Install  and it started to installing

19. One by one Roles it will install. Just go for cup of tea or Coffee and come back you will find that exchange is ready without any errors such as

20. Finish . Once you click on finish button it will open exchange Console as

21. Now open IE and write your exchange server  name like https://Ex2k10.lab.local/OWA  or use ip like https://10.9.9.9/owa. log on by user and send a test mail .

In this way we can prepare Exchange Server 2010 for Mail sending and Receiving.
Enjoy Exchange 2010

You can put your query . 

          

What is "Setup Mode" on Router ?

What is "Setup Mode" on Router ?
If the router is brand new, it has no startup-config file. Therefore, when it boots, it immediately enters Setup mode.
Setup mode is a special, guided routine that asks you a series of questions and uses your responses to make basic configuration entries.
There are two ways to enter setup mode:

•  Boot the router without the startup-config file. This happens when you erase the current startup-config file, or when you boot a new router.

•  Use the setup command from privileged mode.

You can exit setup mode without answering all the questions by pressing Ctrl + C.
The information you've entered to that point will not be saved.

Cisco routers and switches come with the following defaults:

•  No set passwords. During setup mode, passwords are created.

•  All router interfaces are in shutdown mode until they are enabled.

•  All switch interfaces are enabled and ready to forward packets.

Active Directory ( Some Questions and Answer ) ?

        Active Directory
1.    What is Active Directory?
2.    What is a Domain Controller?
3.    What is a Domain?
4.    What is a Server Role?
5.    What is DNS?

 What is Active Directory ? 
 Answer :

•  Active Directory is the Brain of a Windows Server Network.
•  It’s a database that keeps track of a huge amount of stuff and gives us a  centralized way to manage all our network machines, users, and resources.Such as 

•     Users and Groups
•     Services (i.e. Email, etc.)
•     Resources (Printers, Shared Folders, etc. )

What is Domain Controller ?  Answer :

•      A Domain Controller is a Windows Server Machine that runs Active Directory Domain Services.
•    Think of it as the Boss of your network.
•   You may have multiple Domain Controllers that all have copies of the same Active  Directory  database.

What is a Domain?
Answer:

•  A Windows Server domain is a logical group of computers running versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system that share a central directory database.
•  The machines are all named with part of a Domain name like india.local (also called a “suffix”) and are registered in the Active Directory Database so they can be managed.               Big word: “Namespace”
• Users are also part of the “namespace.”
• Example: Your email address is part of a domain namespace:– moin@india.local
• Note: Email-like logins are also called “User Principle Names” when used to log into a Server 2008 network.

What is a Server Role?
Answer:

• A Server Role is a major job that a Server can perform.
• It’s recommended that a Server not have too many Roles Everybody needs a job—even servers!
• A Domain Controller usually has only two Roles:

                             •Active Directory Domain Services

                              •DNS
What is DNS?
Answer:

• DNS is a service provided by a Server that allows you to find other computers in your network.
• DNS allows you to type in a friendly name of a machine instead of its IP Address, allowing your client  to get the IP address from the DNS server and go find  the resource.
• Without DNS, Active Directory will not work.
• It is recommended that you integrate  DNS with Active Directory to make your IT life easier.  

Hope These will help to understand Active directory who are new to Active Directory.
Enjoy Active Directory.